Background Litopenaeus vannamei is the main variety of shrimp aquaculture in China, with delicious meat, fast growth, strong disease resistance and good benefits. It has gradually become an important pillar industry for fishermen to increase their income and become prosperous.

Purpose The current situation and technological innovation of shrimp farming were explored to promote the high-quality development of L. vannamei shrimp industry in Fujian.

Methods The seeding production, breeding modes, breeding yield, technical measures, risk analysis and development strategies of L. vannamei in Fujian were systematically analyzed using the relevant data of Fujian shrimp industry from 2014 to 2024, which were combined with questionnaire surveys and field investigations.

Results The crucial production and distribution hub for L. vannamei shrimp fry is in Qianting Town, Zhangpu County of Fujian Province. In 2024, the total shrimp fry output of L.vannamei in Fujian Province reached 75.373 billion individuals, accounting for 6.62% of the national total. Fujian Province was the main production area of L. vannamei in China. The shrimp farming modes were diverse and complete, with obvious distribution areas. The structure and facility configuration of shrimp ponds had been constantly optimized, and the farming output has been gradually increasing. In 2024, the yield per unit area of L. vannamei in Fujian’s marine aquaculture was 14.14×10³ kg/hm², and there was an increase of 79.22% compared to 7.89×10³ kg/hm² in 2014. The farming output of L. vannamei was 26.14×10⁷ kg, accounting for 11.01% of the national total farming output of L. vannamei, and ranking fourth in China in 2024. In recent years, the cultivation technology of L. vannamei has been continuously innovated, forming characteristic cultivation method of large-scale and significantly profitable methods, such as the “white+black” rotation ecological mode, pond engineering aquaculture and shrimp continuous multi aquaculture in ponds. By adopting real-time water quality monitoring, ecological water regulation and intelligent feeding, shrimp farming management has been realized as intelligent and ecological, and has been promoting the high-quality development of L. vannamei.

Prospect With the seed industry innovation, technological empowerment, talent cultivation and policy guidance, new vitality will be injected into the practical innovation of L. vannamei farming, thereby promoting the green development of the shrimp industry in Fujian Province.